What is one effect of inhaling a pathogen?

Inhaling a pathogen can lead to the development of an illness, such as a cold. When pathogens, which may include viruses or bacteria, enter the respiratory system, they can cause infections that trigger the body's immune response. Symptoms such as a runny nose, sore throat, and coughing are typical manifestations of this response. The body reacts to the presence of these infectious agents, and the resultant condition reflects the common outcomes of respiratory infections.

Other choices do not align with the body's typical reactions to inhaled pathogens. Increased appetite, for instance, is not a physiological response to infection; in fact, many individuals often experience a decrease in appetite when they are unwell. Similarly, while some pathogens can help enhance immunity over time, the immediate effect of inhaling harmful pathogens is not enhanced immunity but rather the potential development of an illness. Lastly, immediate fat loss is unrelated to the inhalation of pathogens and does not occur in the context of respiratory illness.